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专利不适合信息时代

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  • Time of issue:2016-08-25 16:22
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(Summary description)专利这个词我们都不陌生,从1883年第一部专利法颁布,到今天已经一百多年了。但是随着社会的进步,专利制度的方方面面都收到了质疑和挑战,南京华讯认为专利制度已经跟不上信息时代发展的速度了。为什么这么说呢?  在回答这个问题之前,我们得先回顾一下专利制度是怎么产生的。  在农耕时代,工商业并不发达,大部分的产品从原材料到生产再到销售,这个过程都局限在一个相对狭小的区域里,所以保护发明创造的需求并不迫切

专利不适合信息时代

(Summary description)专利这个词我们都不陌生,从1883年第一部专利法颁布,到今天已经一百多年了。但是随着社会的进步,专利制度的方方面面都收到了质疑和挑战,南京华讯认为专利制度已经跟不上信息时代发展的速度了。为什么这么说呢?  在回答这个问题之前,我们得先回顾一下专利制度是怎么产生的。  在农耕时代,工商业并不发达,大部分的产品从原材料到生产再到销售,这个过程都局限在一个相对狭小的区域里,所以保护发明创造的需求并不迫切

  • Categories:最新消息
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2016-08-25 16:22
  • Views:
Information

  专利这个词我们都不陌生,从1883年第一部专利法颁布,到今天已经一百多年了。但是随着社会的进步,专利制度的方方面面都收到了质疑和挑战,南京华讯认为专利制度已经跟不上信息时代发展的速度了。为什么这么说呢?

  在回答这个问题之前,我们得先回顾一下专利制度是怎么产生的。

  在农耕时代,工商业并不发达,大部分的产品从原材料到生产再到销售,这个过程都局限在一个相对狭小的区域里,所以保护发明创造的需求并不迫切。有个别可以远销全球的商品,比如说我们的瓷器和丝绸,也可以通过控制原材料和保密制作工艺来实现有效地保护。在这个阶段,人们其实是不需要专利制度的。到了工业时代,尤其是工商业全球化的推进,产品的原材料、生产和销售都不再受地域的限制,加上工业化水平的逐步提升,一种产品很容易被山寨。这时候,用法律来保护发明人权益的需求就产生了。所以说,专利制度是工业时代的产物。

  我们再来看一个问题,专利到底在保护什么?是一项发明、一项技术?还是一个点子、一个想法?其实这些说法都不准确,专利实际上真正保护的是一个过程,和由这个过程产生的一个结果。比如说,牛顿的力学三定律是不能申请专利的,但是利用这些原理发明的工作方式、或者是蒸汽机就可以申请专利保护。再比如在计算机领域,维特比发明了享誉世界的维特比算法,但是这种算法本身是不能申请专利的,大家都可以用。但他想用这种算法挣钱呀,所以他就创办了一家叫高通的公司,利用这个算法做成半导体芯片,这个芯片是一个具体的产品,这个产品的运行的是维特比算法。这样这枚芯片就符合了专利保护的条件。所以说,专利只能保护点子的实现方法而不能保护点子本身。

  为什么专利制度会有这样的特点呢?因为专利制度是工业时代产生的嘛,而在工业时代,任何点子要想变成可以盈利的产品,就必须通过某种工艺流程,保护好这个流程就是保护好了发明。比如说历史上著名的制碱方法“氨碱法”,只要把这个制造流程保护好了,别人是没办法绕过这个流程造出碱的。在那个年代,可以说是一招鲜,吃遍天,靠着一项发明就可以舒舒服服地在专利到期之前赚到很多钱。

  但是现在是信息时代了,专利制度有时似乎不太灵了。

  首先,利用专利保护发明变得没那么容易了,因为达成一个目标通常有很多途径。为了让专利真正地保护发明,就必须把所有可能达成目标的路径都给堵死了。虽然是困难,但是也有成功的企业,比如说咱们上面提到的维特比,他就通过申请CDMA技术和3G通信标准的专利,几乎垄断了整个3G时代的利润。

  其实CDMA本身并不是高通公司的发明,也早就用在通信领域了。但是高通发明了在移动通信上使用CDMA的一整套解决方案,这种解决方案由于是一个流程,所以就符合申请专利的标准。当然别人也可以提出其他的解决方案,但是如果是这样,高通就很难挣钱了。所以维特比把所有容易实现的解决方案全部申请了专利,这样后来人如果想利用CDMA技术做移动通信,就必须绕很长的路。中国的TD-CDMA其实就是一个非常绕路的方法,以至于全世界都开始普及4G了,中国的TD-CDMA还无法普及。但是话说回来,在信息时代,要想像高通那样真正靠专利保证独家利润,毕竟需要申请并获得大量专利。只要还有其它实现目的的路径,就会出新竞争者,想把所有的路都堵死太困难了,不是一般的初创公司能做到的,设置专利门槛就变得特别困难。

  其次,专利制度的保护力度已经大不如前。今天的大部分发明都是站在前人肩膀上的,很多都是对已有产品的改进,这样就很难只用到自己的专利,而不触及别人的专利。这样错综复杂的关系不利于新产品的创新,一般的解决办法就是两家公司之间达成专利共享协议。所以说,虽然拥有大量专利的老公司仍然处在比较有利的地位,但是很显然,专利制度对发明的保护作用其实已经不像之前那么强大了。现在的新一代科技公司,它们申请专利的目已经不是为了赶走竞争对手,形成垄断,而是变成一种防御性的策略,就是说防止别人利用专利和他打官司。

  其实专利制度还面临另一个挑战,那就是职务发明的专利。受益方到底应该是发明人,还是所在的单位或组织。如果在工业时代,这根本就不是个问题,因为个人对于组织的依赖度很高,职务发明的专利,受益方当然属于单位。但是现代,这就是个问题了,因为个人与组织的关系已经没有之前那么紧密了。实际上,电子计算机的发明,专利到底是权属于个人,还是组织这一矛盾就出现了。电子计算机的两位发明人认为,这项发明的主要受益方应该是他们,而他们所在的宾夕法尼亚大学则认为,这项发明应该属于学校。后来闹得两败俱伤,两位发明人的公司没有办好,宾夕法尼亚大学的计算机系也直到今天在美国还是二流专业。

  说了这么多,我们不难发现,专利制度这个工业时代的产物,经过了一百多年发展,在信息时代已经越来越难以保护发明创造,保护的力度也会越来越小,而且,专利制度还导致了个人与组织之间的纠纷。所以说,专利制度真是有点跟不上时代了。

Electronic

Electronic Arts pledges free use for five accessibility patents

Electronic Arts pledges free use for five accessibility patents Recently, Electronic Arts (EA) announced a patent pledge that gives other companies and developers free access to five of its current accessibility-related patents and technology. The company promised not to enforce against any party for infringing any of the listed patents. Instead, EA hopes to encourage “innovation” and build new features that make video games more inclusive on a much larger scale by opening up the patents.  Electronic Arts (EA) is an American video game company founded in 1982. The company owns many popular and famous games, such as The Sims, SimCity, Apex Legends, Madden NFL and FIFA. Each of the games has more than 30 or 50 million sales volume. Significantly, esports involves FIFA and Apex Legends into the event list. Apex Legends has up to 1 billion players, and it is so popular that it has a Switch version. Within the freely available patents, one of which grabs everyone’s attention -- Apex Legends’ ping system (patent No. US 11097189). The ping system in Apex Legends, which excellently allows players to make communication and teamwork quick and easy without hearing or speaking, has been praised both as an impressive alternative to voice chat and as a great accessibility feature for players with a variety of disabilities.  The other patents include the technology widely used in the FIFA and Madden NFL. The innovations can automatically detect and modify colors (patent No. US 10118097 and CN 107694092) and contrast ratios (patent No. US 10878540) to improve gamers’ visibility with colorblindness and low vision. Furthermore, one of the patents relates to personalized sound technology, helping players with hearing issues by modifying or creating music based on their preferences (patent No. US 10790919).   The code of the mentioned technology is published on EA’s GitHub, and it is open to all developers. Thus, the developers can use it or adapt it for their games without spending the costs to research. It is good that EA shares the patents for free use and aims to create an accessibility-increased gaming environment for players. However, it is not “unconditional” to use the listed patents. In the pledge, EA mentioned that it may terminate the promise for a specific party which files a patent infringement lawsuit or other patent proceedings against EA. We can see parts of EV’s ambition behind the announcement—to build a large game developer league and a community of shared interests.     Reference: https://www.ea.com/commitments/positive-play/accessibility-patent-pledge https://iknow.stpi.narl.org.tw/Post/Read.aspx?PostID=14562 https://www.polygon.com/22639469/apex-legends-electronic-arts-patent-pledge-accessibility-developers https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/24/22638535/ea-accessibility-patent-pledge-apex-legends-ping-system https://www.gamesradar.com/ea-secures-a-patent-for-the-apex-legends-ping-system-and-its-giving-it-away-for-free/ https://dotesports.com/apex-legends/news/apex-legends-ping-system-is-now-patent-free-for-accessibility https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/08/apex_legends_ping_system_now_patent-free_as_ea_announces_accessibility_pledge Recently, Electronic Arts (EA) announced a patent pledge that gives other companies and developers free access to five of its current accessibility-related patents and technology. The company promised not to enforce against any party for infringing any of the listed patents. Instead, EA hopes to encourage “innovation” and build new features that make video games more inclusive on a much larger scale by opening up the patents.    Electronic Arts (EA) is an American video game company founded in 1982. The company owns many popular and famous games, such as The Sims, SimCity, Apex Legends, Madden NFL and FIFA. Each of the games has more than 30 or 50 million sales volume. Significantly, esports involves FIFA and Apex Legends into the event list. Apex Legends has up to 1 billion players, and it is so popular that it has a Switch version.   Within the freely available patents, one of which grabs everyone’s attention -- Apex Legends’ ping system (patent No. US 11097189). The ping system in Apex Legends, which excellently allows players to make communication and teamwork quick and easy without hearing or speaking, has been praised both as an impressive alternative to voice chat and as a great accessibility feature for players with a variety of disabilities.    The other patents include the technology widely used in the FIFA and Madden NFL. The innovations can automatically detect and modify colors (patent No. US 10118097 and CN 107694092) and contrast ratios (patent No. US 10878540) to improve gamers’ visibility with colorblindness and low vision. Furthermore, one of the patents relates to personalized sound technology, helping players with hearing issues by modifying or creating music based on their preferences (patent No. US 10790919).   The
2021-10-22
The

The forum on "China's Intellectual Property-related Reform Measures and New Trends in Patent Litigation" will be held successfully!

The forum on "China's Intellectual Property-related Reform Measures and New Trends in Patent Litigation" will be held successfully! In response to the call for building a strong country with intellectual property rights, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon of October 21, the forum on "China's reform measures related to intellectual property rights and new trends in patent litigation" will be successfully held in Nanjing Jiangbei New District Industrial Technology Research and Innovation Park. The event was hosted by the Science and Technology Innovation Bureau of Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Management Committee, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Industrial Technology Research and Innovation Park, Nanjing Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center Jiangbei New District Center, Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Consultant Co., Ltd., Nanjing Intellectual Property Co-organized by the Protection Center (Nanjing Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center), Taiwan Pharmaceutical Development Association, and Gene Online. The director of Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center, Mou Xiaojian, delivered a speech. Director Mu expressed his warm congratulations on the holding of this event and introduced in detail the new pattern of intellectual property protection in Nanjing. He said: At present, Nanjing has implemented a rights protection assistance network in the municipal area. With full coverage, Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center is willing to closely communicate and interact with Nanjing's innovation entities, and provide relevant public welfare services such as rapid pre-review, rapid rights protection, and comprehensive utilization for enterprises in need. In addition, Huang Funan, CEO of Gene Online, was unable to come to congratulate due to the epidemic, and recorded a congratulatory video. In the video, he said: China Innovative Pharmaceuticals has already made many outstanding achievements on the international stage, and these are inseparable from intellectual property rights. The support of the company can also show the importance of intellectual property rights to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. This event invites four industry experts to focus on China's reform measures related to intellectual property rights and new trends in patent litigation, discuss with companies and universities, and make arrangements in advance. Dr. Qingchen Hou, general manager of Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Consulting Co., Ltd., introduced the "Guidelines for Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights (2021-2035)" and explained his views from four aspects: background, strategic layout, overall requirements, and organizational guarantees. . Subsequently, a detailed analysis of China's patent linkage system was carried out, and compared with the same types of cases at home and abroad, questions were raised: Why should we reward the first person who successfully challenged patents? Not the first person to file a P4 application? And have a series of discussions with you. Director Jiang Haijun of the Intellectual Property Protection Legal Committee of the Nanjing Lawyers Association gave a speech on three points: the problems after the amendment of the patent law, the enforceability of the amount of compensation, and the legal conflicts related to service inventions. Regarding the patent right evaluation report, he emphasized that the patentee, interested party or accused infringer can also proactively issue a patent right evaluation report. "Patent is a work of art that combines technology and law" is a message shared by Mr. Feng Tao from Jiangsu Junbo Law Firm at this event. Mr. Feng analyzes the big data of Chinese patent litigation cases through graphs and examples. Explore. The last topic of the event was shared by Guo Huangying, Intellectual Property Manager of Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Agency (General Partnership)-China's Patent Infringement Judgment Principles and New Developments. Manager Guo explained to everyone the principles of patent infringement judgment and the necessity of patent infringement search and analysis before producing and selling products. In the intellectual property industry, ECCOM has been providing high-quality and professional comprehensive intellectual property services to enterprises and universities one step at a time. It also hopes that under the leadership of the state and the government, it will contribute to the building of a strong intellectual property nation in China. Make a contribution.
2021-10-22
Types

Types of patents that are easily overlooked- Design Patent

Types of patents that are easily overlooked- Design Patent In recent years, as the public’s awareness of intellectual property has increased, people have begun to consciously use the patent law to protect their intellectual property rights. However, in the process of implementation, they often only focus on invention patent and utility model patent, and tend to ignore the protection of design patent. Recently, Midea sued Haotaitai for two models of CXW-300-D998 and CXW-300-D908 Haotaitai brand range hoods In the case of suspected infringement of its design patent (patent number: ZL201930621598.X), the Guangzhou Intellectual Property Court made a first-instance judgment after hearing that it determined that the two products of Haotaitai constituted infringement, and ordered it to immediately stop the infringement and compensate Midea, The company's economic losses and reasonable expenses totaled 360,000 yuan. In fact, appearance infringement cases have occurred from time to time before, such as: "Molly" blind box design patent case, "Siemens" switch design patent infringement dispute case received a compensation of 6 million yuan, three Casio watch design patents were infringed Received a compensation of 8.8 million yuan and so on. The reason why people ignore the protection of design patents, in the final analysis, is that they have insufficient knowledge of design patents. Today, let's take a look at what is protected by design patents and what rights protections can we apply for? Design patent definition: Article 2 of the "Patent Law", design patent, refers to a new design that is aesthetically pleasing and suitable for industrial applications based on the shape, pattern, or combination of products, and the combination of color, shape, and pattern. Protected range: The shape of the product; the pattern of the product; the shape and pattern of the product; the shape and color of the product; the pattern and color of the product; the shape, pattern and color of the product. Protection period: The term of protection for design patent rights is 15 years, calculated from the date of filing. What are the conditions for applying for a design patent? The design should be aesthetically pleasing Appearance patents should be suitable for industrial applications The design patent application should be novel The design patent application should be inventiveness What are the advantages and functions of design patents? Protect the rights and interests of enterprises in product designs and fight against infringements in market competition. To enhance brand value, the quality and quantity of patents are the embodiment of the company's innovation ability and core competitiveness. Receive consumer recognition. If a company's new product appearance is filed for a patent in a timely manner, its appearance design will enjoy the exclusive right. Nowadays, consumers often choose products with trendy and beautiful appearance when buying their products. Applying for a design patent is a necessary condition for applying for a high-tech enterprise.
2021-09-26
Colopl

Colopl Settles Patent Infringement Lawsuit with Nintendo by Paying $30 Million

Colopl Settles Patent Infringement Lawsuit with Nintendo by Paying $30 Million   This August, Nintendo and a game developer Colopl announced that they have settled for patent infringement regarding White Cat Project (Shironeko Project in Japanese), a smartphone game developed by Colopl. Although both companies did not publicly share exact details of the settlement, at least it is sure that Colopl agreed to pay 3.3 billion yen (about US$30.2 million) as the settlement fee for the proceedings, including the future license of Nintendo's patents.    How did the battle begin?  Being developed and published by a Japanese game developer, Colopl, White Cat Project is a free-to-play action role-playing game for Android and iOS systems. The mobile game was launched in July 2014 as well as got a television anime adaptation in 2020. It is incredibly popular to have more than 50 million downloads. Furthermore, the game is set to receive a Switch version titled "Shironeko New Project".    In September 2016, Nintendo noted the Colopl's game and considered that the game had infringed on several of Nintendo's technology patents. The two companies communicated with each other for over a year; however, Nintendo did not accept the explanations from Colopl, and Nintendo filed a lawsuit against Colopl at the beginning of 2018.    Nintendo claimed that Colopl infringed 6 of its patents. These patents protect touch-screen joystick functionality (patent no. JP3734820), multiplayer connectivity (patent no. JP5595991, JP6271692), confirmation screens in sleep mode (patent no. JP4010533), character attacks based on touch input locations (patent no. JP4262217), and a shadow effect placed on characters hidden behind the game geometry (patent no. JP3637031).   These patents almost cover various ways of game technology, especially the patent  JP5595991 and JP6271692. Their patent family is wide-reaching, and many divisional applications of the family are pending in Japan. They protect a communication game system and its related devices. It is not easy to detect the patent's existence and boundary since this kind of hardcore technique is so common in the gaming field and our daily lives.     The five-year patent war has been settled.  After a five-year dispute, the situation appeared to turn in Nintendo's favor as the Switch maker increased its monetary demands, which convinced Colopl to strike a deal that lets it use the disputed patents. Furthermore, a Switch version of White Cat Project remains in the works at Colopl.    With the extraordinary losses of Colopl, the legal battle between the two companies came to an end.  
2021-09-09
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