CN  /  EN

imgboxbg

NEWS

中国药品专利链接制度已具备政策基础,相关政策抢先看

  • Categories:最新消息
  • Author:华讯知识产权
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2018-12-12 15:07
  • Views:

(Summary description)药品专利链接制度是指仿制药上市批准与创新药品专利期满相“链接”,药品专利链接制度使得仿制药注册申请之前应当考虑先前已上市药品的专利情况,从而避免可能的专利侵权。药品专利链接制度最大的特点在于,通过药品注册申请的专利链接,可以在药品注册审查过程中及时发现可能存在的侵权行为,降低侵权纠纷发生的概率,保护药品发明人的创新积极性。专利链接制度起源于美国1984年出台的Hatch-Waxman法案,该法案经

中国药品专利链接制度已具备政策基础,相关政策抢先看

(Summary description)药品专利链接制度是指仿制药上市批准与创新药品专利期满相“链接”,药品专利链接制度使得仿制药注册申请之前应当考虑先前已上市药品的专利情况,从而避免可能的专利侵权。药品专利链接制度最大的特点在于,通过药品注册申请的专利链接,可以在药品注册审查过程中及时发现可能存在的侵权行为,降低侵权纠纷发生的概率,保护药品发明人的创新积极性。专利链接制度起源于美国1984年出台的Hatch-Waxman法案,该法案经

  • Categories:最新消息
  • Author:华讯知识产权
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2018-12-12 15:07
  • Views:
Information

药品专利链接制度是指仿制药上市批准与创新药品专利期满相“链接”,药品专利链接制度使得仿制药注册申请之前应当考虑先前已上市药品的专利情况,从而避免可能的专利侵权。药品专利链接制度最大的特点在于,通过药品注册申请的专利链接,可以在药品注册审查过程中及时发现可能存在的侵权行为,降低侵权纠纷发生的概率,保护药品发明人的创新积极性。

专利链接制度起源于美国1984年出台的Hatch-Waxman法案,该法案经历了多次修改调整,在平衡美国原研药企业和仿制药企业之间的利益上取得了良好的效果。

近年来,中国的医药企业得到了显著的发展,整个社会对药品创新以及药品专利保护的需求也愈加强烈。2017年-2018年间,中国中央机构和国家食品药品监督局出台了一系列关于药品注册监督体制改革的文件,旨在推进中国药品专利链接制度的建立。

2017年5月12日,国家食品药品监督局发布了《关于鼓励药品医疗器械创新保护创新者权益的相关政策(征求意见稿)》。2017年10月8日,中共中央办公厅和国务院办公厅联合发布了《关于深化审评审批制度改革鼓励药品医疗器械创新的意见》。2017年10月23日,国家食品药品监督局再次就《药品注册管理办法(修订稿)》向全社会公开征求意见。2017年12月28日,国家食品药品监督局在网络上发布了《中国上市药品目录集》,旨在建立中国的“橙皮书”。2018年4月12日,国务院常务会议决定对创新化学药设置最高6年的数据保护期,保护期内不批准同品种上市;对在中国与境外同步申请上市的创新药给予最长5年的专利保护期限补偿。这一系列政策密集地出台,都释放出明确的信号,中国专利链接制度的推行在加速。

不可否认的是,中国专利链接制度的实施将不可避免地受到美国专利链接制度的影响,并在此基础上做出适应中国市场的调整。美国专利链接制度包含以下5个方面的内容:药品专利期延长制度;市场独占期规定;橙皮书制度;ANDA制度;专利挑战制度。以下,我们分别从这五个方面看在中国相关的政策规定。

(一)药品专利期延长制度

药品专利期延长制度是对药品和医疗器械因为临床试验和行政审批所丧失的专利期予以补充的一种制度。目前,普遍存在的现象是,一种重磅炸弹级新药在推出之前,需要进行大量的研究工作和临床试验,在该药品推出时,其核心专利的专利有效期已经很短,这将严重减弱原研药企业的研发和资金投入热情。为了加强原研药企业的积极性,使其研发能取得丰厚的回报,Hatch-Waxman法案规定新药申请者可以获得专利期延长,补偿其在临床试验和药品审批中所消耗的时间,但是最多不超过5年,并且延长期限加上专利的剩余有效期之和不超过14年。

在2018年4月12日召开的国务院常务会议上,李克强总理强调应当加强知识产权保护,对在中国与境外同步申请上市的创新药给予最长5年的专利保护期补偿。李克强总理在国务院常务会议上的讲话,可以视为中国也将在药品专利上给予一定的延长保护,具体政策仍需细化,但可以预见的是,中国的政策极可能参照美国的专利期延长制度,进行相关调整后实施。

(二)市场独占期规定

在美国,除了药品专利期延长制度外,为了对原研药企业进行研发激励,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)还给予一定的市场独占期,包括:新化学实体,其独占期为5年;孤儿药,其独占期为7年;儿科用药,其独占期为6个月;新剂型、新用途药物,其独占期为3年。在市场独占期期间,FDA不会批准仿制药企业相应的仿制产品,即使在该期限内,原研药企业的专利已经过期,其仍可以独占市场。

在中国,相关政策内容也是来自于2018年4月12日召开的国务院常务会议,会议决定对创新化学药设置最高6年的数据保护期,保护期内不批准同品种上市。目前该政策还有待具体细化,针对不同的药物进行不同的保护期设置。

(三)橙皮书制度

美国的橙皮书,《经治疗等同性评价标准的药品》,其由美国FDA出版,详细完整地记载获批的药品,以及该药品涉及的专利以及独占期信息。根据规定,原研药企业在向FDA递交新药上市许可申请时,必须提供相应的专利信息。当该药品获批后,对应的专利将会登记在橙皮书中,为仿制药企业开发仿制药、进行ANDA或者专利诉讼提供参考资料。橙皮书中收录的专利包括直接指向药品的专利,如化合物、产品、晶型等,也可以包括治疗方法。一般情况下,不包括代谢物、中间物、外包装和制造及工艺专利。

与美国橙皮书相对应的是《中国上市药品目录集》,于2017年12月29日首次发布,其中收录了131个品种,203个品种规格,并将把新批准上市的新注册分类药品以及通过仿制药质量和疗效一致性评价的药品纳入其中,进行实时更新。食品药品监督局官网上公布的中国上市药品目录集还将连接专利信息数据库、数据保护信息、市场独占期数据库和审评审批/核查/检验报告数据库。其中,可列入的专利包括:化合物、化合物的盐、组合物、制剂和适应症。其与橙皮书中的内容还是存在些许不同,可列入的专利包括了“化合物的盐”。

(四)ANDA制度

Hatch-Waxman法案通过后,申请仿制药上市,申请人在提交ANDA时,只需要进行生物等效性试验,即证明与参比试剂具有生物等效性,无需提交其他数据;而在此法案通过之前,仿制药和原研药的审批程序并无差别,需要进行安全性和有效性试验,这使得生产仿制药几乎无利可图。Hatch-Waxman法案的通过,使得仿制药的成本大大降低,也加快了仿制药的上市时间。自ANDA实施以来,美国的仿制药企业得到了较快的发展,仅2011年-2015年间,仿制药的销售额就增长了50%。

目前我国采用的是“一批一报”的审批流程,其与美国FDA的审批流程相同。在新公开的相关政策中,关于审批的规定并无大的调整。

(五)专利挑战制度

根据Hatch-Waxman法案规定,仿制药企业在递交ANDA时,必须按照橙皮书的规定,递交以下4种声明之一。第Ⅰ段声明(PⅠ):该药品无专利;第Ⅱ段声明(PⅡ):该药品有专利,但是该专利已经失效;第Ⅲ段声明(PⅢ):在相关专利失效前,不要求FDA批准该仿制药;第Ⅳ段声明(PⅣ):与申请的仿制药相关的专利是无效的或者仿制药不侵权。其中,第一个向美国FDA递交ANDA并含有PⅣ声明的仿制药申请者,如果专利挑战成功,则FDA将给予180天的市场独占期。含PⅣ声明的申请者在其ANDA被受理后的20个工作日内,应及时通知NDA(新药上市许可申请)持有人和专利权人,并提供仿制药产品未侵权或者原研药企业专利无效的法律依据。如果NDA持有人和/或专利权人在45天内提起专利侵权诉讼,则30个月遏制期启动,在这30个月内,FDA会继续审查ANDA申请人的材料,材料合格的给予临时批准,但是不会批准其上市。如果遏制期内诉讼判决专利无效或者产品不侵权,则在判决生效之日临时批准转为正式批准,允许上市并且获得180天的市场独占期。

在中国最近公布的一系列政策中,《关于鼓励药品医疗器械创新保护创新者权益的相关政策(征求意见稿)》中规定,挑战相关药品专利的,申请人需要声明不构成对相关药品专利侵权,挑战专利成功的药品,将给予1.5年的数据保护期。在数据保护期内,审评机构不再批准其他申请人同品种的上市申请,申请人自行取得的数据除外。但是,在食品药品监督管理局2018年4月26日发布的《药品试验数据保护实施办法(征求意见稿)》中,对专利挑战成功的药品并没有规定具体的数据保护期限。如果此项1.5年的数据保护期得到落实,将大大激励仿制药厂挑战专利,增加原研药厂的压力,进而迫使原研药厂在专利布局上花费心思增加专利挑战的难度。

关于侵权诉讼对药品审批的影响,《关于鼓励药品医疗器械创新保护创新者权益的相关政策(征求意见稿)》中也进行了相关的规定,药品审评机构收到司法机关专利侵权立案相关证明文件后,可设置最长不超过24个月的批准等待期,在此期间,不停止已经受理药品的技术审评工作。

当然,目前这些制度都还处在征求意见或者试行中,尚未落实。毫无疑问,对于药企而言,无论是原研药企业还是仿制药企业,中国药品专利链接制度的实施都将会带来巨大的市场变革。随着中国各项制度的完善,药企可以参考美国专利链接制度,提前进行布局和准备,在未来充分竞争的市场上占据一席之地。

Keyword:

Electronic

Electronic Arts pledges free use for five accessibility patents

Electronic Arts pledges free use for five accessibility patents Recently, Electronic Arts (EA) announced a patent pledge that gives other companies and developers free access to five of its current accessibility-related patents and technology. The company promised not to enforce against any party for infringing any of the listed patents. Instead, EA hopes to encourage “innovation” and build new features that make video games more inclusive on a much larger scale by opening up the patents.  Electronic Arts (EA) is an American video game company founded in 1982. The company owns many popular and famous games, such as The Sims, SimCity, Apex Legends, Madden NFL and FIFA. Each of the games has more than 30 or 50 million sales volume. Significantly, esports involves FIFA and Apex Legends into the event list. Apex Legends has up to 1 billion players, and it is so popular that it has a Switch version. Within the freely available patents, one of which grabs everyone’s attention -- Apex Legends’ ping system (patent No. US 11097189). The ping system in Apex Legends, which excellently allows players to make communication and teamwork quick and easy without hearing or speaking, has been praised both as an impressive alternative to voice chat and as a great accessibility feature for players with a variety of disabilities.  The other patents include the technology widely used in the FIFA and Madden NFL. The innovations can automatically detect and modify colors (patent No. US 10118097 and CN 107694092) and contrast ratios (patent No. US 10878540) to improve gamers’ visibility with colorblindness and low vision. Furthermore, one of the patents relates to personalized sound technology, helping players with hearing issues by modifying or creating music based on their preferences (patent No. US 10790919).   The code of the mentioned technology is published on EA’s GitHub, and it is open to all developers. Thus, the developers can use it or adapt it for their games without spending the costs to research. It is good that EA shares the patents for free use and aims to create an accessibility-increased gaming environment for players. However, it is not “unconditional” to use the listed patents. In the pledge, EA mentioned that it may terminate the promise for a specific party which files a patent infringement lawsuit or other patent proceedings against EA. We can see parts of EV’s ambition behind the announcement—to build a large game developer league and a community of shared interests.     Reference: https://www.ea.com/commitments/positive-play/accessibility-patent-pledge https://iknow.stpi.narl.org.tw/Post/Read.aspx?PostID=14562 https://www.polygon.com/22639469/apex-legends-electronic-arts-patent-pledge-accessibility-developers https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/24/22638535/ea-accessibility-patent-pledge-apex-legends-ping-system https://www.gamesradar.com/ea-secures-a-patent-for-the-apex-legends-ping-system-and-its-giving-it-away-for-free/ https://dotesports.com/apex-legends/news/apex-legends-ping-system-is-now-patent-free-for-accessibility https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/08/apex_legends_ping_system_now_patent-free_as_ea_announces_accessibility_pledge Recently, Electronic Arts (EA) announced a patent pledge that gives other companies and developers free access to five of its current accessibility-related patents and technology. The company promised not to enforce against any party for infringing any of the listed patents. Instead, EA hopes to encourage “innovation” and build new features that make video games more inclusive on a much larger scale by opening up the patents.    Electronic Arts (EA) is an American video game company founded in 1982. The company owns many popular and famous games, such as The Sims, SimCity, Apex Legends, Madden NFL and FIFA. Each of the games has more than 30 or 50 million sales volume. Significantly, esports involves FIFA and Apex Legends into the event list. Apex Legends has up to 1 billion players, and it is so popular that it has a Switch version.   Within the freely available patents, one of which grabs everyone’s attention -- Apex Legends’ ping system (patent No. US 11097189). The ping system in Apex Legends, which excellently allows players to make communication and teamwork quick and easy without hearing or speaking, has been praised both as an impressive alternative to voice chat and as a great accessibility feature for players with a variety of disabilities.    The other patents include the technology widely used in the FIFA and Madden NFL. The innovations can automatically detect and modify colors (patent No. US 10118097 and CN 107694092) and contrast ratios (patent No. US 10878540) to improve gamers’ visibility with colorblindness and low vision. Furthermore, one of the patents relates to personalized sound technology, helping players with hearing issues by modifying or creating music based on their preferences (patent No. US 10790919).   The
2021-10-22
The

The forum on "China's Intellectual Property-related Reform Measures and New Trends in Patent Litigation" will be held successfully!

The forum on "China's Intellectual Property-related Reform Measures and New Trends in Patent Litigation" will be held successfully! In response to the call for building a strong country with intellectual property rights, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon of October 21, the forum on "China's reform measures related to intellectual property rights and new trends in patent litigation" will be successfully held in Nanjing Jiangbei New District Industrial Technology Research and Innovation Park. The event was hosted by the Science and Technology Innovation Bureau of Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Management Committee, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Industrial Technology Research and Innovation Park, Nanjing Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center Jiangbei New District Center, Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Consultant Co., Ltd., Nanjing Intellectual Property Co-organized by the Protection Center (Nanjing Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center), Taiwan Pharmaceutical Development Association, and Gene Online. The director of Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center, Mou Xiaojian, delivered a speech. Director Mu expressed his warm congratulations on the holding of this event and introduced in detail the new pattern of intellectual property protection in Nanjing. He said: At present, Nanjing has implemented a rights protection assistance network in the municipal area. With full coverage, Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center is willing to closely communicate and interact with Nanjing's innovation entities, and provide relevant public welfare services such as rapid pre-review, rapid rights protection, and comprehensive utilization for enterprises in need. In addition, Huang Funan, CEO of Gene Online, was unable to come to congratulate due to the epidemic, and recorded a congratulatory video. In the video, he said: China Innovative Pharmaceuticals has already made many outstanding achievements on the international stage, and these are inseparable from intellectual property rights. The support of the company can also show the importance of intellectual property rights to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. This event invites four industry experts to focus on China's reform measures related to intellectual property rights and new trends in patent litigation, discuss with companies and universities, and make arrangements in advance. Dr. Qingchen Hou, general manager of Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Consulting Co., Ltd., introduced the "Guidelines for Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights (2021-2035)" and explained his views from four aspects: background, strategic layout, overall requirements, and organizational guarantees. . Subsequently, a detailed analysis of China's patent linkage system was carried out, and compared with the same types of cases at home and abroad, questions were raised: Why should we reward the first person who successfully challenged patents? Not the first person to file a P4 application? And have a series of discussions with you. Director Jiang Haijun of the Intellectual Property Protection Legal Committee of the Nanjing Lawyers Association gave a speech on three points: the problems after the amendment of the patent law, the enforceability of the amount of compensation, and the legal conflicts related to service inventions. Regarding the patent right evaluation report, he emphasized that the patentee, interested party or accused infringer can also proactively issue a patent right evaluation report. "Patent is a work of art that combines technology and law" is a message shared by Mr. Feng Tao from Jiangsu Junbo Law Firm at this event. Mr. Feng analyzes the big data of Chinese patent litigation cases through graphs and examples. Explore. The last topic of the event was shared by Guo Huangying, Intellectual Property Manager of Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Agency (General Partnership)-China's Patent Infringement Judgment Principles and New Developments. Manager Guo explained to everyone the principles of patent infringement judgment and the necessity of patent infringement search and analysis before producing and selling products. In the intellectual property industry, ECCOM has been providing high-quality and professional comprehensive intellectual property services to enterprises and universities one step at a time. It also hopes that under the leadership of the state and the government, it will contribute to the building of a strong intellectual property nation in China. Make a contribution.
2021-10-22
Types

Types of patents that are easily overlooked- Design Patent

Types of patents that are easily overlooked- Design Patent In recent years, as the public’s awareness of intellectual property has increased, people have begun to consciously use the patent law to protect their intellectual property rights. However, in the process of implementation, they often only focus on invention patent and utility model patent, and tend to ignore the protection of design patent. Recently, Midea sued Haotaitai for two models of CXW-300-D998 and CXW-300-D908 Haotaitai brand range hoods In the case of suspected infringement of its design patent (patent number: ZL201930621598.X), the Guangzhou Intellectual Property Court made a first-instance judgment after hearing that it determined that the two products of Haotaitai constituted infringement, and ordered it to immediately stop the infringement and compensate Midea, The company's economic losses and reasonable expenses totaled 360,000 yuan. In fact, appearance infringement cases have occurred from time to time before, such as: "Molly" blind box design patent case, "Siemens" switch design patent infringement dispute case received a compensation of 6 million yuan, three Casio watch design patents were infringed Received a compensation of 8.8 million yuan and so on. The reason why people ignore the protection of design patents, in the final analysis, is that they have insufficient knowledge of design patents. Today, let's take a look at what is protected by design patents and what rights protections can we apply for? Design patent definition: Article 2 of the "Patent Law", design patent, refers to a new design that is aesthetically pleasing and suitable for industrial applications based on the shape, pattern, or combination of products, and the combination of color, shape, and pattern. Protected range: The shape of the product; the pattern of the product; the shape and pattern of the product; the shape and color of the product; the pattern and color of the product; the shape, pattern and color of the product. Protection period: The term of protection for design patent rights is 15 years, calculated from the date of filing. What are the conditions for applying for a design patent? The design should be aesthetically pleasing Appearance patents should be suitable for industrial applications The design patent application should be novel The design patent application should be inventiveness What are the advantages and functions of design patents? Protect the rights and interests of enterprises in product designs and fight against infringements in market competition. To enhance brand value, the quality and quantity of patents are the embodiment of the company's innovation ability and core competitiveness. Receive consumer recognition. If a company's new product appearance is filed for a patent in a timely manner, its appearance design will enjoy the exclusive right. Nowadays, consumers often choose products with trendy and beautiful appearance when buying their products. Applying for a design patent is a necessary condition for applying for a high-tech enterprise.
2021-09-26
Colopl

Colopl Settles Patent Infringement Lawsuit with Nintendo by Paying $30 Million

Colopl Settles Patent Infringement Lawsuit with Nintendo by Paying $30 Million   This August, Nintendo and a game developer Colopl announced that they have settled for patent infringement regarding White Cat Project (Shironeko Project in Japanese), a smartphone game developed by Colopl. Although both companies did not publicly share exact details of the settlement, at least it is sure that Colopl agreed to pay 3.3 billion yen (about US$30.2 million) as the settlement fee for the proceedings, including the future license of Nintendo's patents.    How did the battle begin?  Being developed and published by a Japanese game developer, Colopl, White Cat Project is a free-to-play action role-playing game for Android and iOS systems. The mobile game was launched in July 2014 as well as got a television anime adaptation in 2020. It is incredibly popular to have more than 50 million downloads. Furthermore, the game is set to receive a Switch version titled "Shironeko New Project".    In September 2016, Nintendo noted the Colopl's game and considered that the game had infringed on several of Nintendo's technology patents. The two companies communicated with each other for over a year; however, Nintendo did not accept the explanations from Colopl, and Nintendo filed a lawsuit against Colopl at the beginning of 2018.    Nintendo claimed that Colopl infringed 6 of its patents. These patents protect touch-screen joystick functionality (patent no. JP3734820), multiplayer connectivity (patent no. JP5595991, JP6271692), confirmation screens in sleep mode (patent no. JP4010533), character attacks based on touch input locations (patent no. JP4262217), and a shadow effect placed on characters hidden behind the game geometry (patent no. JP3637031).   These patents almost cover various ways of game technology, especially the patent  JP5595991 and JP6271692. Their patent family is wide-reaching, and many divisional applications of the family are pending in Japan. They protect a communication game system and its related devices. It is not easy to detect the patent's existence and boundary since this kind of hardcore technique is so common in the gaming field and our daily lives.     The five-year patent war has been settled.  After a five-year dispute, the situation appeared to turn in Nintendo's favor as the Switch maker increased its monetary demands, which convinced Colopl to strike a deal that lets it use the disputed patents. Furthermore, a Switch version of White Cat Project remains in the works at Colopl.    With the extraordinary losses of Colopl, the legal battle between the two companies came to an end.  
2021-09-09
Previous page
1
2
136
底部
这是描述信息

2001, 20th Floor, Block B, Ascendas Building, No. 88 Jiangmiao Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Copyright ◎Nanjing Huaxun Intellectual Property Consultant Co., Ltd.

苏ICP备xxxxxx号-1     Powered by: www.300.cn

这是描述信息
这是描述信息
这是描述信息
这是描述信息
这是描述信息