The world's first CAR-T treatment of AIDS patent

Professor Zhang Tongcun has been specializing in research for many years.CAR-Tfield, has a richCAR-Tclinical experience, is ChineseCAR-TThe father of the promotion, and Gu Chaojiang has more than ten years of research experience in AIDS.2015In 2002, the two men took their own strengths and joined forces to create "applications".CAR-TTechnology for the treatment of AIDS "new therapy.

2018Year11Month27On the 2nd, two professors, Zhang Tongcun and Gu Chaojiang, from the School of Life Science and Health of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, won the "A TreatmentHIVThe invention patent of recombinant gene construction and application of infected chimeric antigen receptor, which is the first application in the world.CAR-TThe invention and application of cell therapy to treat AIDS will provide a new treatment idea for curing AIDS.

What is CAR-TTherapy?

In recent years, based on the chimeric antigen receptor(Chimeric Antigen Receptor, CAR)tumor immunotherapy technologyCAR-T(Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy), the chimeric antigen receptorTCellular immunotherapy has created a new way to kill tumor cells. It is inTcells are embedded with aCAR, the receptor is able to be activated while recognizing tumor cell surface antigensTCells kill tumor cells, that is, this is a cell therapy, not a medicine. for example,TCells are like an "ordinary army",CAR-TCells are possessed."GPSThe "special forces" of the "navigation" can accurately locate the location of the "enemy" tumor cells and destroy them. Because of its high affinity andMHC (Major histocompatibility complex)advantages such as non-dependency, especially by twoCD28and4-1BB,CD3ζ coupling formed3GenerationCARCan be enhancedTThe tumor killing ability of the cells and prolong their survival time in vivo, which has achieved remarkable results in the immunotherapy of tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma.

In fact, as early1994year,RobertsOthers try to useCAR-Tcell therapyHIVinfection, they choseCD4sequence as a single chain antibody for binding to infected cell surfacegp120Although it has the function of partially killing infected cells and after years of efforts, it ended in failure. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Using retroviral vectors for low transduction efficiency, in order to obtain sufficientCAR-Tcells, excessive in vitro expansion leads to post-transfusion cell death andCARLoss of molecules; (2)CARThe molecular design itself is flawed, whereCD4domain may cause transductionCTLsbeHIVinfected or virus-infected cells by down-regulatingCD4The expression of the molecule escapesCAR-TKilling of cells.

Patent Information

The patents of the two professors are aimed at AIDS (HIV) of immunotherapy techniques. AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus1Type(Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1,HIV-1)Infection caused by a major threat to human life and safety of infectious diseases, the virus into the human body, specifically to attack the human immune system, the immune system is destroyed, the human body will not be able to resist the outside world of other bacteria infection, resulting in illness and death. According to the latest statistics from the World Health Organization,Since discovery2014The end of the year has been caused3900More than 10,000 people have died, and there are still people living with HIV in the world.3700The number of people infected with HIV in China has increased year by year, and the total number of patients has exceeded one million, and there is no effective vaccine, and the existing drugs can not be completely cured.

In this study, the viral proteingp120andgp41highly specific binding of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodiesscFv(single-chain variable fragment, single chain antibody), this antibody can be compared with mostHIVvirus combination, the two professors are usingscFvFusion protein gene "Church"TThe cell specifically recognizes and destroysHIVinfected cells and neutralizes the bloodHIV.

At present, human clinical trials conducted by this technology have also been effective, with two casesHIVAmong the patients, one patient was in the body for three months.HIVThe virus was greatly reduced, and the second patient was completely clear after nine months of treatment.HIVThe virus. In addition, this technology can eliminate dormant infected cellsHIVThe comeback.

Summary

Cellular immunotherapy is most widely used in the field of cancer, throughclinicaltrials.govData analysis, the current global clinical cell immunotherapy is.1722Example, where1532Examples are used to treat various cancers, there are399Clinical research is clearly applied.CAR-Ttechnology to test.

The world is in full swing for cell immunotherapy research, competing for this piece of blue ocean. I believe that with the promotion of science and technology and the unremitting efforts of scientific researchers, cell therapy will not only conquer blood tumors in the future, but also solid tumors, AIDS, autoimmune diseases, etc. can usher in new therapies in the future, let technology change lives and witness together The growth of new technologies