The world's first CAR-T treatment of AIDS patent

Categories:最新消息
Author:华讯知识产权
Origin:
Time of issue:2019-01-11 17:09
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(Summary description)Professor Zhang Tongcun has been specializing in CAR-T field for many years and has rich CAR-T clinical experience. He is the father of CAR-T promotion in China. Professor Gu Chaojiang has more than ten years of research experience on AIDS. In 2015, the two took their respective strengths and joined forces to create a new therapy for "application of CAR-T technology to treat AIDS". On November 27, 2018, Professors Zhang Tongcun and Gu Chaojiang from the School of Life Sciences and Health of Wuhan University of Science and Technology won the invention patent of "Construction and Application of a Recombinant Gene of a Chimeric Antigen Receptor for the Treatment of HIV Infection". Is the world's first application of CAR-

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The world's first CAR-T treatment of AIDS patent

Categories:最新消息
Author:华讯知识产权
Origin:
Time of issue:2019-01-11 17:09
Views:

Information

张同存教授多年来一直专研在CAR-T领域，有着丰富的CAR-T临床经验，是中国CAR-T的推广之父，而顾潮江讲授有着对艾滋病十余年的研究经验。2015年，二人各取所长，强强联手打造“应用CAR-T技术治疗艾滋病”的新疗法。

2018年11月27日，武汉科技大学生命科学与健康学院的张同存和顾潮江两位教授获得了“一种治疗HIV感染的嵌合抗原受体的重组基因构建及其应用”的发明专利，这是全球首个应用CAR-T细胞疗法治疗艾滋病的发明应用，将为治愈艾滋病提供了新的治疗思路。

何为CAR-T疗法？

近几年来，基于嵌合抗原受体(Chimeric Antigen Receptor, CAR)的肿瘤免疫治疗技术CAR-T（Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy），即嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法创造了杀伤肿瘤细胞的全新途径。它是在T细胞上嵌入了一种CAR，该受体能够在识别肿瘤细胞表面抗原的同时激活T细胞杀死肿瘤细胞，也就是说，这是一种细胞疗法，而不是一种药。打个比方，T细胞就好比是一支“普通军队”，CAR-T细胞则是一支拥有了“GPS导航”的“特种部队”，能够精准定位到“敌军”肿瘤细胞的位置并将其歼灭。由于其具有高亲和力和MHC (Major histocompatibility complex)非依赖性等优点，特别是由两个CD28及4-1BB、CD3ζ偶联形成的3代CAR可增强T细胞的杀瘤能力并延长了其在体内的存活时间，从而在白血病和淋巴瘤等肿瘤免疫治疗中取得了显著的成效。

其实早在1994年，Roberts等人尝试用CAR-T细胞治疗HIV感染，他们选取CD4序列作为单链抗体用于结合感染细胞表面的gp120，虽然具有部分杀感染细胞功能且经过多年的努力，但最终以失败而告终，其主要原因有以下几个方面：（1）使用逆转录病毒载体转导效率较低，为了获得足够的可回输CAR-T细胞，过度的体外扩增导致回输后细胞死亡和CAR分子的丢失；（2）CAR分子设计本身存在缺陷，其中CD4结构域可能引起转导的CTLs被HIV感染或者病毒感染细胞通过下调CD4分子的表达而逃脱CAR-T细胞的杀伤。

专利信息

两位教授的专利针对的是艾滋病（HIV）的免疫治疗技术。艾滋病是由人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1，HIV-1)感染引起的一种重大威胁人类生命安全的传染病，病毒进入人体后，专门攻击人的免疫系统，免疫系统受到破坏后，人体将无法抵御外界的其他病菌感染，从而患病死亡。据世界卫生组织的最新统计,自发现到2014年底已造成3900多万人死亡，目前世界上艾滋病毒感染者仍有3700万，我国艾滋病毒感染者逐年增加，其总患病人数已突破百万，且目前尚无有效疫苗，现有药物也不能彻底治愈。

此研究中将病毒蛋白gp120和gp41高度特异性结合的广谱中和抗体作为scFv（single-chain variable fragment，单链抗体），这种抗体能与大多数HIV病毒结合，两位教授就是用scFv的融合蛋白基因“教会”T细胞特异识别并摧毁被HIV感染的细胞，并中和血液中的HIV。

目前，通过此项技术进行的人体临床试验也效果显著，两例试验的HIV患者中，其一患者三个月体内HIV病毒大幅度降低，其二患者在治疗九个月后，体内已经完全清楚HIV病毒。此外，这项技术还能消灭处于休眠状态的被感染细胞，杜绝HIV的卷土重来。

公开号	专利名称	申请日	法律状态
CN107098969B	一种治疗HIV感染的嵌合抗原受体的重组基因构建及其应用	2017-06-28	授权

小结

细胞免疫疗法应用最广的是在癌症领域，通过clinicaltrials.gov数据分析，目前全球进行的临床细胞免疫疗法有1722例，其中1532例是用以治疗各种癌症，有399个临床研究是明确应用CAR-T技术进行试验。

全球都在如火如荼进行细胞免疫疗法研究，争抢这一片蓝海。相信在科技的推动和科研人员的不懈努力下，未来细胞疗法攻克的不仅是血液瘤，实体瘤、艾滋病、自身免疫性疾病等等在未来都可以迎来新疗法，让技术改变生活，共同见证新技术的成长

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Electronic Arts pledges free use for five accessibility patents

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Colopl Settles Patent Infringement Lawsuit with Nintendo by Paying $30 Million

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